Food nutrition and toxicology in the era of single-cell sequencing

Background Due to the complex natures of dietary food components, it is difficult elucidate how compounds affect host health. Dietary often selectively presents its mechanism action on different cell types, and participates in modulation targeted cells their microenvironments within organs. However, limitations traditional vitro assays or vivo animal experiments cannot comprehensively examine cellular heterogeneity tissue-biased influences. Scope Approach Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as an indispensable methodology decompose tissues into types for demonstration transcriptional profiles individual cells. ScRNA-seq applications been summarized three typical organs (brain, liver, kidney), two representative immune- tumor related health problems. The ever-increasing role scRNA-seq research with further improvement can provide sub-cellular information coupling between other modalities. Key Findings Conclusions In this review, we propose utilizing more effectively capture subtle effects chemicals, they may lead problems at single-cell resolution. This novel technique will be valuable underlying both benefits nutrients detrimental consequences toxicants level.